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Clinical Implications of Amylin and Amylin Deficiency

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit MI 48202 DKRUGER{at}diabetes.org

Patricia M. Gatcomb, RN, CDE

Yale University, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, New Haven, Connecticut

Susan K. Owen, MSN, RN, CDE

Grand Rapids Associated Internists, Grand Rapids, Michigan

PURPOSE

this paper presents an overview of the physiology of glycemic control and the mechanisms of amylin deficiency in people with diabetes. Benefits of replacement therapy with both pramlintide and insulin are discussed.

METHODS

The discovery of the pancreatic p-cell hormone amylin, which is cosecreted with insulin in response to hyperglycemia, has prompted a reanalysis of the mechanisms underlying the control of glucose homeostasis. A review of the current literature on amylin and amylin deficiency provides the basis of this reanalysis, with a discussion of the clinical implications for people with diabetes.

RESULTS

Amylin appears to work with insulin to regulate plasma glucose concentrations in the bloodstream, suppressing the postprandial secretion of glucagon and restraining the rate of gastric emptying. People with diabetes have a deficiency in the secretion of amylin that parallels the deficiency in insulin secretion, resulting in an excessive inflow of glucose into the bloodstream during the postprandial period.

CONCLUSIONS

While insulin replacement therapy is a cornerstone of diabetes treatment, replacement of the function of both amylin and insulin may allow a more complete restoration of the normal physiology of glucose control.

The Diabetes Educator, Vol. 25, No. 3, 389-397 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/014572179902500310


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