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The Diabetes Educator, Vol. 32, No. 5, 741-750 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0145721706291759

FEATURES

Existing Measures of Diabetes-Specific Support for Use With Adolescents With Diabetes

Kathleen M. Hanna, PhD, RN

From the Indiana University School of Nursing, Family Health Department, Indianapolis.

Correspondence to Kathleen M. Hanna, PhD, RN, Indiana University School of Nursing, Family Health Department, 1111 Middle Drive, NU451F, Indianapolis, IN 46202 (kathanna{at}iupui.edu).

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to review existing measures of diabetes-specific support for use with adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

Diabetes-specific support scales for use with adolescents with type 1 diabetes were reviewed in terms of the dimension of support measured as well as reported reliability and validity.

Results

The scales measure enacted and/or perceived support. However, various support categories are measured: supportive and nonsupportive by the Diabetes Family Behavior Checklist (DFBC); warmth and guidance/control by the Diabetes Family Behavior Scale (DFBS); instrumental, informational, companionship/belonging, and emotional by the Diabetes Social Support Interview (DSSI); insulin administration, glucose monitoring, meals, exercise, and emotional support by the Diabetes Social Support Questionnaire–Family Version (DSSQ-Family) and the Diabetes Social Support Questionnaire–Friends Version (DSSQ-Friends); and guidance for autonomy development by the Diabetes-Specific Parental Support for Adolescents' Autonomy Scale (DPSAAS). The DSSI, DSSQ-Family, DSSQ-Friends, the DFBS, and DPSAAS have adequate reliability. Predictive validity is suggested in that diabetes management was related to the DFBC supportive subscale, the DSSI, the DSSQ-Family, and the DSSQ-Friends; metabolic control was related to the DFBS total score and guidance subscale; and diabetes management responsibility was related to the DPSAAS.

Conclusions

Health care professionals need to decide which aspects of support are relevant to measure in their specific situation.


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