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The Physiology of Amylin and Insulin

Maintaining the Balance Between Glucose Secretion and Glucose Uptake

From the Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Correspondence to Catherine Martin, Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center, The University of Michigan, 1331 E. Ann Street, Room 5111C, Box 0580, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (martinc{at}umich.edu).

Glucose homeostasis is accomplished through intricate, and arguably, elegant interactions among several organs and hormones. Historically, glucose homeostasis has been viewed somewhat narrowly-insulin from pancreatic ß cells regulated glucose disposal, while glucagon from pancreatic ß cells regulated glucose appearance during fasting states. But more recent characterization and understanding of the role of incretin hormones from the gut-notably, glucagon-like peptide 1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide-and amylin from pancreatic ß cells has led to a more complete model of glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, availability of pharmacologic agents to replace, mimic, or enhance the actions of these hormones allows application of this more complete model of glucose homeostasis to the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This article provides an overview of the role of the pancreatic hormone amylin in glucose homeostasis and of Pramlintide, a analogue of native amylin, recently approved as adjunct therapy to insulin in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

The Diabetes Educator, Vol. 32, No. Supplement 3, 101S-104S (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0145721706288237


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