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The Diabetes Educator
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*Diabetes
*Rural Health Concerns
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FEATURES

Culturally Tailored Intervention for Rural African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes

Sharon W. Utz, PhD, RN, Ishan C. Williams, PhD, Randy Jones, PhD, RN, Ivora Hinton, PhD, Gina Alexander, RN, MPH, Guofen Yan, PhD, Cynthia Moore, MS, RD, CDE, Jean Blankenship, MSN, RN, CDE, Richard Steeves, PhD, RN, FAAN and M. Norman Oliver, MD

From the University of Virginia School of Nursing, Rural Health Care Research Center, Charlottesville (Dr Utz, Dr Williams, Dr Jones, Dr Hinton, Ms Alexander, Dr Steeves); University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (Dr Yan, Ms Moore, Ms Blankenship, Dr Oliver).

Correspondence to Sharon W. Utz, PhD, RN, University of Virginia School of Nursing, PO Box 800782, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0782 (swu2q{at}virginia.edu).

Purpose

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate a culturally tailored intervention for rural African Americans. Social Cognitive Theory provided the framework for the study.

Methods

Twenty-two participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either Group or Individual diabetes self-management (DSME). Group DSME included story-telling, hands-on activities, and problem-solving exercises. Individual DSME sessions focused on goal-setting and problem-solving strategies. Sessions were offered in an accessible community center over a 10-week period.

Results

Outcomes included glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C), self-care actions, self-efficacy level, goal attainment, and satisfaction with DSME. Participants in both Group and Individual DSME improved slightly over the 3-month period in self-care activities, A1C level, and goal attainment. Although differences were not statistically significant, trends indicate improved scores on dietary actions, foot care, goal attainment, and empowerment for those experiencing Group DSME.

Conclusions

The culturally tailored approach was well received by all participants. Improvements among those receiving Individual DSME may indicate that brief sessions usinga culturally tailored approach could enhance self-care and glycemic control. Additional testing among more participants over a longer time period is recommended.

The Diabetes Educator, Vol. 34, No. 5, 854-865 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0145721708323642
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